What is a probable cause affidavit?

• A. A sworn statement describing facts and circumstances supporting probable cause.
• B. A narrative describing how the officer feels about the suspect.
• C. A request for a search warrant without factual support.
• D. A statement of intent to arrest without evidence.

Answer: (D)

A probable cause affidavit is a sworn statement outlining specific facts and circumstances that establish probable cause to believe a crime has been committed and that evidence or a suspect can be found in a particular place. It supports a judge’s decision to issue a search or arrest warrant by tying observable details, dates, locations, and sources of information to the conclusion of probable cause. Because it’s sworn, it carries an oath that the information is true to the best of the officer’s knowledge, and it should come from reliable observations, documented evidence, or corroborated statements, not guesswork or feelings. The options that mention feelings, a request without factual support, or a bare declaration of arrest intent do not meet the standard because they rely on opinion, insufficient evidence, or no factual basis at all. The key point is that the affidavit provides a factual, sworn basis for probable cause, enabling the magistrate to determine whether a warrant should issue.